1. Either energetic electrons or soft x-rays may be used to split a Hydrino molecular ion into a hydrino and a proton. This requires from 11 eV to several hundred thousand eV, depending on level of shrinkage. For a shrinkage level of 24 it is 3100 eV (utilising Dr. Mills' formulae).
  2. The Hydrino may then bind either to another proton or to a free electron.
  3. In the latter case Hydrinohydride is formed.
  4. The Hydrinohydride can then bind to a proton forming a neutral hydrino molecule (designated Hy2).
  5. The Hydrino molecule can, if small enough, undergo nuclear reactions with neutron rich “even-even” nuclei whereby the nucleus gives up two neutrons which combine with the two protons from the Hydrino molecule to form an alpha particle.
  6. Example reactions are:-
    18O + Hy2 -> 16O + 4He + 16 MeV
    40Ar + Hy2 -> 38Ar + 4He + 12 MeV
    38Ar + Hy2 -> 36Ar + 4He + 8 MeV
    26Mg + Hy2 -> 24Mg + 4He + 10 MeV
    48Ti + Hy2 -> 46Ti + 4He + 8 MeV
    208Pb + Hy2 -> 206Pb + 4He + 14 MeV
  7. The 40Ar and 48Ti reactions are particularly interesting primarily because both these isotopes comprise the major part of the naturally occurring isotopes, implying that no isotope separation need be undertaken prior to using them as a fuel.  48Ti comprises 74% of natural Titanium, and 40Ar comprises 99.6% of natural Argon.
  8. Argon in particular is extremely interesting. It is freely available in the atmosphere, comprises only about 1% thereof, and performs otherwise no useful function, so it wouldn’t really be missed, particularly as the final product (36Ar) could be returned to the atmosphere resulting in no noticeable effect other than the eventual dilution of the 40Ar. There is enough present to supply humanity’s power needs for over a billion years at the current rate of energy consumption. It is also a “double pass” fuel. The 38Ar created from the first reaction can serve as fuel for the second reaction so that, in all, the original Argon atom ends up contributing 4 neutrons.
  9. The 18O reaction is also of great interest, and may be even more important. For even though 18O forms only 0.2% of natural Oxygen, it is still very abundant, as Oxygen itself is the primary constituent of most rocks, and indeed is the most common element of which the Earth itself is comprised. Furthermore, as the charge on the Oxygen nucleus is considerably less than that on the Argon nucleus, the fusion reaction is likely to occur much more readily. The disadvantage is that using 18O as a fuel source would require a preliminary isotope separation step.
  10. All these reactions are clean reactions, producing stable isotopes as end products.
  11. The Hydrino molecule can achieve fusion where an individual Hydrino may have difficulty, because the Hydrino may bind with either a proton or an electron becoming a charged particle. As such, it may experience difficulty either penetrating the electron shells of an atom, or approaching the nucleus. As a stable neutral entity, unaffected by either protons or electrons, the Hydrino molecule has none of these problems.
  12. Steps 1 through 4 are all very fast, requiring microseconds or less. This is especially so if the original Hydrino molecular ions can be obtained from the Sun in the form of Faux D extracted from rain water. Alternative paths to the creation of the Hydrino molecule may take far longer (hours to millennia).
  13. Steps 1 through 4 might be initiated by an automobile ignition spark, particularly if both voltage and current are maximized. This, or a similar process, may have given rise to the many anecdotal reports of water used as a fuel.