Memorandum to: The Director of Birds Australia
From: Birds Australia Rarities Committee
(BARC)
Date: 9th
February 2007
Voting Members: Andrew Silcocks Mike Carter
Glenn Holmes John Hatch
Tony Palliser Rohan Clarke
Jamie Matthew Danny Rogers
Cc. Ron
Johnstone, Walter Boles
Submission No 488:
Chinese Pond Heron Ardeola bacchus,
This submission concerns the
sighting of a Chinese Pond Heron Ardeola Bacchus on
The submission relies heavily on photographic evidence and a brief description of the bird, although Mike Carter, who saw the bird and is a voting member of the committee, supplied a considerable amount of additional material including photographs. Unlike previous reports (see BARC Case No. 371), this bird was in alternate (breeding) plumage thus making a positive identification possible .
The bird was about half the size of a Nankeen Night Heron and less robust. The bill was bright yellow with a dark tip with a bluish-green area of skin around the loral region; the legs were bright yellow and the iris pale . The head, neck and breast were predominantly rich-burgundy. The chin, throat and a streak extending the full length of the foreneck, were white. The mantle, back, and scapulars were a slaty black and this continued on to the central rump where it tapered to a point. The border of the richly coloured breast was also black varying in width from very narrow at the sides of the upper breast to quite broad at the centre of the lower breast. The remainder of the bird including the whole of the wings and tail above and below was white.
In this plumage the identification of the species is unmistakable (Hancock et al. 1984; Beaman & Madge 1998; Grimmett et al. 1998; Robson 2000). The dark, burgundy head and neck are diagnostic distinguishing the Chinese Pond Heron from its close relatives, Javan Pond Heron A. speciosa and Indian Pond Heron A. grayii. Consequently members voted unanimously in favour of acceptance.
This record is the first for Australia. Robson (2000) describes its status in South-East Asia as a scarce to local resident and an uncommon to common winter visitor. It seems likely that the arrival of this bird on the Cocos (Keeling) Islands was influenced by a monsoonal weather system that was active from 22 to 30 April 2006. Pond Herons have occurred twice before in Australia, both records being of non-breeding plumaged birds on Christmas Island (Johnstone & Darnell 2004). Since in that plumage identification beyond generic level is considered to be difficult or impossible in the field (Hancock et al. 1984; MacKinnon & Phillipps 1993), in neither case could the species be satisfactorily determined.
References and
Bibliography:
· Bartram, K., (1996), ‘Twitchers’ Corner’, Wingspan, 6(1), 15.
·
Beaman, M. & Madge, S. (1998), The Handbook of Bird Identification for
Europe and the Western Palearctic, Princeton University Press, Princeton.
· Coates, B.J., Bishop, K.D. & Gardner, D. (1997), A Guide to the Birds of Wallacea, Dove, Alderley, Queensland.
·
Grimmett,
R., Inskipp, C. & Inskipp, T. (1998), Birds
of the Indian Subcontinent, Christopher Helm, London.
· Hancock, J., Kushlan J., Gillmor, R. & Hayman, P. (1984), The Herons Handbook, Croom Helm, Beckenham, Kent.
·
Hancock, J. (1999), Herons & Egrets of
the World; a Photographic Journey, Academic, London.
·
Johnstone,
R.E. & Darnell, J.C. (2004) Annotated Checklist of Christmas Island Birds.
Appendix A in Johnstone R.E. & Storr, R.M., Handbook of Western
Australian Birds, Vol. 2, Passerines, WA Museum, Perth, 439-476.
· Kanouchi, T., Abe, N. & Ueda, H. (1998), Wild Birds of Japan, Yama-Kei, Tokyo (in Japanese). Kirihara, M., Yamagata, N. & Yoshino, T. (2000), Japanese Bird 550: Waterbirds, Bunichi General Publisher, Tokyo (in Japanese).
·
MacKinnon,
J. & Phillipps, K. (1993), A Field
Guide to the Birds of Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali, Oxford University
Press, Oxford.
·
Marchant, S. & Higgins, P.J. (Eds) (1990), Handbook of Australian, New Zealand &
Antarctic Birds. Vol. 1, Ratites to Ducks, Oxford University Press,
Melbourne.
·
Mitchell,
P. (1996), ‘Bird Reports Series 115’, The Bird Observer, No
762, 15.
·
Robson,
C. (2000), A Field Guide to the Birds of South-East Asia, New Holland,
London.
Tony Palliser
Chairman, Birds Australia Rarities Committee