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Windows XP + Ubuntu Hardy Heron LTS
Edited Tuesday, June 10 2008
This web-page is part of a larger site giving examples of how to install Windows+Ubuntu Linux operating systems 'dual boot' in a computer. Illustrated Dual Boot HomePage This webpage is for the Ubuntu 'Hardy Heron 8.04 LTS', 'alternate CD' installer. The released install CD is called ubuntu-8.04-alternate-i386.iso, and the md5sum is 166991d61e7c79a452b604f0d25d07f9
This install guide is for installing Ubuntu 'Hardy Heron', dual boot with Windows XP with the NTFS filesystem. It should be okay for Vista too, but I have only read about Vista, I have not tested Vista myself. The Windows operating system should be installed first, and then Ubuntu.
This is not an official Ubuntu website These three are | Ubuntu | Ubuntu Forums | Official Ubuntu Wiki
Here is a link to the Official Ubuntu Installation Guide,
it explains all about the Debian installer. You should read that first and look at the illustrations in this website after that. BRIEFING This install resizes the Windows NTFS partition to a smaller size to make room for the Linux partitions. Then it creates the Linux EXT3 operating system (root) partition (primary), and one FAT32 logical data partition. Finally, it makes the swap area (logical). The 'Hardy' alternate CD's partitioner can resize your NTFS partition quite safely. With the Alternate CD's partitioner, defragging beforehand might help. It might not be needed, but it wouldn't do any harm to run CHKDSK /R on your Windows NTFS file system before-hand too, if that's not too inconvenient for you. Ubuntu 'Gutsy Gibbon' or 'Hardy Heron' can write to your NTFS file system okay too. The purpose of the separate FAT32 logical shared data partition in this install is only to give you a chance to scan any files you downloaded from the internet for viruses before transferring them into your Windows partition. This example shows how to create the FAT32 partition combined with the Ubuntu install in one streamlined operation. The computer used for this demonstration is a standard 'run-of-the-mill' desktop PC. The processor is an LEC brand, model PM266A, with an ASUS P4V533-MX main board, Intel Celeron 2.60 GHz CPU, and 487.3 MB of RAM. The length of time this install might take will depend mainly on the speed of my computer. A standard computer, for example one with a 3.0 Ghz CPU, might be able to do this in about 30 or 40 minutes. I had an older computer I used for practicing with. It had a 400Mhz CPU, and it used to take an hour and fifteen minutes on that one. Most people will be installing Ubuntu on new computers anyway, so they won't be missing out on the full benefits of Ubuntu's amazing capabilities. The install is very quick on modern computers. Even so, you should not begin an install when you have a time limit in case you have any problems. For example, don't start an install at 07:00 when you know you'll be needing your computer for work at 08:00. It is safer to install on Friday after work or Saturday if that is your day off. Then if anything goes wrong you'll have more time to fix it and be in a calm mental state. Being in a calm mental state is very important when doing this type of task, even though, as you will see, it is quite easy. To begin, you need to place your CD in your CD-ROM drive and re-start your computer. You should see something like the illustration below in your monitor. |
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| fig 2 ntfs
Install Ubuntu
The text mode install is the popular choice for most good professional or home users. It's a good idea to scroll down one line and check your CD for defects first though. I will run through the rest of the options below, but this option is the one that this web-page is mainly about. Check the CD-ROM for defects, that is a good idea! It only takes five minutes or so and might save you hours of frustration if you have a bad burn. You already ran an md5sum test on your .iso download too, of course. I recommend checking the CD for defects. I do that. If you want to see what happened when I didn't, look in this link, Hardy Heron Beta / Gutsy Gibbon Graphical Installation C Rescue a broken system, (Rescue mode) this option loads a kernel and goes through similar process as the first part of the text mode install. When it gets up to about fig7 stage, it asks for a device to use a a root file system. You would choose your Linux (Ubuntu) partition, you need to know which partition that is beforehand. (It's easier if you don't have a lot of partitions to choose from, or keep a notebook, or just know it). Rescue options are as show in this illustration below,
There are also lots of things you can do if you boot to a shell (rescue console). You will need to know Linux commands or be following some kind of instructions carefully. Repair instructions in the forums and the wiki sometimes advise us to execute a shell in rescue mode. To exit the shell, type the following command, code:
See an illustration of the Ubuntu Installer Main Menu...............GO Test Memory, you can test your computer's RAM to make sure it's okay. (Memtest86+) (Press'Esc' to exit the Memory test after you try it out). Note: you should enter your computer's CMOS (BIOS) first, and disable the CPU internal and external caches (L1 and L2) before running memory tests. Don't forget to re-enable those again when you are finished. Boot from first hard disk, This re-boots the computer. Here is a link to the Official Ubuntu Installation Guide's, 'How the Installer Works', it explains all about the Debian installer. You should read that first and look at the illustrations in this website after that. Here is a link to the Official Ubuntu Installation Guide's, 'Components Introduction' too. I recommend reading the official documentation as well as looking at the pictures below here. As I mentioned first, I pressed 'Enter', for the 'text mode install', and here's the first decision, (below), it's an easy one. |
| fig 3 ntfs We are now proceeding with Setting up Ubuntu Installer and Hardware Configuration (a link to the official Ubuntu documentation). Choose your language. Your arrow keys can move the red rectangle up or down the list to select a language. Then press 'Enter'. The <Go Back> option is shown in the lower left corner of almost every panel. It does the same as explained above (read <Go Back> again). Your 'Tab' key is the one to use throughout this installation for moving the red highlighting from 'Yes' to 'No' or 'Go Back'. This can be a very handy thing to know about. For one thing, it is useful if you need to go back one or two steps and repeat something you didn't get right. There are also things you can do from the 'Ubuntu Installer Main Menu' later on, after the install. For example, if you need to re-install Grub or Lilo boot loaders to your MBR or to a partition, you might want to access these options from the Ubuntu Installer's Main Menu. You don't necessarily have to be doing an install to run the Ubuntu Install CD. You can also use the Ubuntu Install CD's partitioner to do partitioning work if you need to. Nowadays a GParted -- LiveCD is better for that though. The 'Ubuntu Installer Main Menu' also offers an escape route in case something has gone wrong and you need to abort the installation and re-boot to fix something. Or it may be that you have suddenly realized you have made a mistake and wish to cancel everything and try again. If you do find yourself wanting to do this, just be aware that the line for 'abort the installation' and it is right down below the bottom of your monitor's screen, and out of view. (Don't tell anybody). People may not realize they need to scroll down to find it. Highlight that and press 'Enter', and be ready to remove your CD from it's drawer or it will boot from the CD again before you know it. |
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[!!] Choose language
Based on your language, you are probably located in one of these countries or regions. Choose a country, territory or area:
Australia ^
Botswana I
Canada Hong Kong India Ireland New Zealand Phillipines Singapore South Africa United Kingdom v |
| fig 4 ntfs
Choose your
country.
(Use your up or down arrow keys for scrolling, then press 'Enter') |
[!] Ubuntu installer main menu
You can try to have your keyboard layout detected by pressing a series of keys. If you do not want to do this, you will be able to select your keyboard layout from a list. Detect keyboard layout? |
| fig 5 ntfs If you have a special keyboard, you can choose <Yes> for a series of keyboard tests to help Ubuntu set up your special keyboard correctly. You will be asked to press certain keys. I chose <No> for this, to skip the keyboard tests and move on to choose my keyboard from a list.
This will be faster.
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[!!] Ubuntu installer main menu
The origin of the keyboard: Norway
Pakistan Poland Portugal Romania Russia Slovakia Slovenia South Africa Spain Sri Lanka Sweden Switzerland Syria Tajikistan Thailand Turkey USA |
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Fig 6 ntfs
Choose your keyboard.
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[!!] Ubuntu installer main menu
There are more than one keyboard layouts with the origin you selected. Please select the layout matching your keyboard. Keyboard Layout: USA - Alternative international (former us_intl) USA - Classic Dvorak USA - Colemak USA - Dvorak international USA - Dvorak USA - Group toggle on multiply/divide key USA - International (AltGr dead keys) USA - International (with dead keys) USA - Left handed Dvorak USA - Macintosh USA - Right handed Dvorak USA - Russian phonetic USA - With Eurosign on 5 USA |
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Detecting hardware to find CD-ROM drives
21% Loading module 'floppy' for 'Linux Floppy'... |
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Scanning CD-ROM
19% Scanning /cdrom/pool/main/l... |
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Loading additional components
45% Retrieving Partman |
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Detecting network hardware
21% Detecting hardware please wait... |
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[!!] Configure the network
Your system has multiple network interfaces. Choose the one to use as the primary network interface during the installation. If possible, the first connected network interface found has been selected. Primary network interface: eth0: Silicon Integrated Systems [SIS] SiS900 PCI Fast Ethernet eth1: Broadcom Corporation BCM4318 [Airforce One 54g] 802.11g Wir
<Go
Back>
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| fig 12 ntfs
Not everyone will see this, it only appears if your machine has more than one network interface.
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Configuring the network with DHCP
21%
This may take some time... <Cancel> |
| fig 13 ntfs
If you forgot to plug your ethernet in and network autodetection fails, highlight
<Go Back> in the next screen, plug your network in and try again. |
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[!] Configure the network
Please enter a hostname for this system. The hostname is a single word that identifies your system to the network. If you don't know what your hostname should be, consult your network administrator. If you are setting up your own home network, you can make something up here. Hostname: turtle__ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ <Go Back> <Continue> |
| fig 14 ntfs Give your new operating system a host name. The way to do this is to move the cursor to the left with your 'backspace' key, and type in whatever you like here. Press 'Enter' when ready.
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Setting up the clock
19% Getting the time from a network time server ... |
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[!] Configure the clock
Select a city in your time zone: Lord Howe Island
Melbourne Sydney Broken Hill Brisbane Lindeman Adelaide Darwin Perth |
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Detecting disks and other hardware
21% Starting PC card services... |
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Starting up the partitioner
21% Please wait ... |
| We are now about to begin the Partitioning and Mount Point Selection phase of the installation. Please refer to the above link to the official Ubuntu documentation for a more detailed explanation of what can be done here. |
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[!!] Partition Disks
This installer can guide you through partitioning a disk (using different standard schemes) or, if you prefer, you can do it manually. With guided partitioning you will still have a chance later to review and customize the results. If you choose guided partitioning for an entire disk, you will next be asked which disk should be used. Partitioning method: Guided - resize SCSI1 (0,0,0), partition #1 (hda1) and use freed s Guided - use entire disk Guided - use entire disk and set up LVM Guided - use entire disk and set up encrypted LVM Manual
<Go
Back>
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| fig 19 ntfs
This one is an important decision.
(1) The first choice (Guided - Resize
IDE1 master ...) is the easiest and fastest.
You won't need any website to tell you how to do that, there are no decisions to make, everything will be done for you automatically. That will give you a nice integral / (root) partition and swap area installation, and that's all most people need.
(2) The second choice would erase the entire disk including your
Windows operating system and all your data! That's for people who want
Ubuntu by itself and they want to completely erase whatever other
operating system was there before. That's a good idea if you're replacing a virus-ridden, infested Windows that doesn't boot and is completely useless, Ubuntu will fix your computer!
(3) The third choice will erase the entire disk and use LVM, is one I haven't tested yet, but here's a link to a website that explains what LVM is. (You'll need to scroll down a ways to get to the table of contents, from there it gets more interesting).
This is more for experts.
(4) The fourth option will erase the
entire disk and use encrypted LVM, here is a link to an excellent web
page in Softpedia that will guide you through this option, Encrypted Ubuntu 8.04 - Step-by-step installation tutorial with screenshots! Here are a couple of additional links about encrypted file systems, Running fsck on a LUKS encrypted partition in LVM, and Rescue an encrypted LUKS LVM volume. (5) 'Manually edit partition table' is the one I
choose to use now. With this option I will be able to shrink the Windows partition without hurting Windows, leaving some 'free space' for creating new partitions on.
'Manually edit partition table' gives me a look at the partition table
and allows me to choose between all kinds of options. I can have a lot
of control over what happens. |
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[!!] Partition Disks
This is an overview of your currently configured partitions and mount points. Select a partition to modify its settings (file system, mount point, etc.), a free space to create partitions, or a device to initialise its partition table. Guided partitioning Help on partitioning SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda) - 40.1 GB ATA SAMSUNG SP0411N #1 primary 40.1 GB K ntfs /media/sda1 Undo changes to partititions Finish partitioning and write changes to disk |
| fig 20 ntfs
In this illustration I am being shown a list of my hard disks and thier partition tables.
The computer I am installing in now has only one hard disk at the moment. The hard disk has Windows XP with the NTFS file system occupying the entire disk. I am being asked to choose where I want to install Ubuntu. If I had some free space already, or another hard disk, I might install Ubuntu in it. Since I don't have any free space anywhere on my disk right now and I don't have another hard disk I will have to make some room by resizing or deleting a partition. I will choose to resize my Windows XP partition in my first hard disk and make that smaller. That will leave me some of the disk free to create a new partition in. I'll install Ubuntu there, so as you can see I have selected my #1 Primary partition in my first hard disk to do something with. |
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[!!] Partition Disks
You are editing partition #1 of SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda). This partition is formatted with the ntfs file system. Partition settings: Use as: ntfs Mount point: /media/sda1 Bootable flag: on Resize the partition (currently 40.1 GB)
Copy data from another partition
Erase data on this partition Delete the partition Done setting up the partition |
| fig 21 ntfs
In
this illustration I am being shown details about my #1 Primary
partition in my first hard disk and being asked what I want to do to it.
NOTE: the boot flag is set 'on' for the Windows partition. I selected the option to resize the partition. |
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[!!] Partition disks
Before you can select a new partition size, any previous changes have to be written to disk.You cannot undo this operation. Please note that the resize operation may take a long time. Write the previous changes to disk and continue?
<Go
Back>
<Yes> <No>
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| fig 22 ntfs
This
is called a 'confirmation screen', it's just to check that I'm
aware this will change my partition table and confirm that I definitely
want to go ahead with it.
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[!!] Partition disks
The minimum size you can use is 3.3 GB or 8% and the maximum size is 40.1 GB.Hint: Use "20%"(or"30%", etc.) for 20% (resp.30%, etc.) of the available free space for this partition. Use "max" as a shortcut for the maximum allowable size. New partition size: 15.1 GB_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
<Go
Back>
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| fig 23 ntfs REMINDER: It is best to use the number keys on the row of your keyboard above your letter keys. If you have the habit of using the number keypad, remember to apply your numlock first! The sign is telling me the minimum and maximum size I can use for the new size for my existing (Windows) partition. It is asking me what new size do I want to use for my Windows partition now? I have an 40.1 GB hard disk and I want only 15.1 GB for Windows, this will leave 25.0 GB of 'FREE SPACE' to divide up into more partitions. For this install I am planning 15.1 GB for Windows XP Home Edition 19.0 GB for / Ubuntu Hardy Heron 5.0 GB FAT32 shared data partition + 1.0 GB Swap Area (memory swap) 40.1 GB total You need to do your mathematics now and do some forward planning. These figures I listed above are okay for me, but I recommend everyone think things over for themselves and come up with their own unique set-up to suit their own intended purposes. A standard suggestion for most people if you aren't sure would be to try Ubuntu out on around 10.0 GB, depending on how much spare disk space you have. When you need to take more room from Windows at a later date and give more room to Ubuntu you can easily resize your partitions with a GParted livecd. I have installed Ubuntu on as little as 3.0 GB including the swap area and I think a bare minimum of around 2.0 GB would be close to the smallest possible. 5.0 GB would be more comfortable if you want a minimal sized installation that will work okay for a while. You won't be able to download or store very many large files in an installation like that though, of course. If you're interested in fitting Ubuntu in the smallest amount of disk space, see HOW TO make a USB Disc with Ubuntu LiveCD and Super Grub Disc in it. |
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Please wait ...
19% Resizing the partition ... |
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[!!] Partition Disks
This is an overview of your currently configured partitions and mount points. Select a partition to modify its settings (file system, mount point, etc.), a free space to create partitions, or a device to initialise its partition table. Guided partitioning Help on partitioning SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda) - 40.1 GB ATA SAMSUNG SP0411N #1 primary 15.1 GB K ntfs /media/sda1 pri/log 25.0 GB FREE SPACE Undo changes to partititions Finish partitioning and write changes to disk |
| fig 25 ntfs Here's the new partition table, showing me the 25.0 GB 'FREE SPACE' I asked for, and my Windows partition has been shrunk to only 15.1 GB. For the next step, I have selected the 25.0 GB 'FREE SPACE', to do something with. |
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[!!] Partition Disks
How to use this free space: Create a new partition Automatically partition the free space
Show Cylinder/Head/Sector information |
| fig 26 ntfs
What do I want to do with this free space?
I want to create a new partition in it, so I have selected that line. |
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[!!] Partition disks
The maximum size you can use is 25.0 GB. Hint: Use "20%"(or"30%", etc.) for 20% (resp.30%, etc.) of the available free space for this partition. Use "max" as a shortcut for the maximum allowable size. New partition size: 19.0 GB_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
<Go
Back>
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| fig 27 ntfs
This is going to be my new Ubuntu / (root) partition.
To set the size for the partition I want to create I typed in '19.0 GB' on this line. |
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[!!] Partition Disks
Type for the new partition:
Primary
Logical
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| fig 28 ntfs
Now I need to tell the partitioner if this partition will be a 'Primary' partition or a logical partition.
A 'Primary' partition is a partition that will be listed in one of the four spaces in the partition table in the hard disk's Master Boot Record. We only have room there for four entries. A 'Logical' partition can be made if we make one of the four entries in the Master Boot Record into a special 'extended' partition. The Ubuntu installer's partitioner, 'Partman', will do this automatically if we select 'Logical'. Inside the 'Extended' partition we can create quite a large number of 'logical' partitions. The main condition is, these are in a series or 'contiguous'. There can be a gap between them, but we mustn't seperate the logical partitions by placing any 'primary' partition between two logicals. That would make any logical partitions on the other side of the interupting primary unuseable. |
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[!!] Partition Disks
Please choose whether you want the new partition to be created at the beginning or at the end of the available space. Location for the new partition: Beginning
End
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| fig 29 ntfs
I want my new primary partition to be at the beginning of the free space.
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Please wait ...
19% Computing the new state of the partition table |
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[!!] Partition Disks
You are editing partition #2 of SCSI1 (0,0,0) (sda). No existing file system was detected in this partition. Partition settings: Use as: Ext3 journaling file system Mount point: / Mount options: relatime Label: none Reserved blocks 5% Typical useage: standard Bootable flag: off Copy data from another partition Delete the partition Done setting up the partition |
| fig 31 ntfs
This
shows the proposed settings that are currently ready to be written for
my new partition, partition number 2 in my first hard disk.
Is there anything else I would like to change? No, I'm happy with that, I'll select 'Done setting up the partition'. |